The COLOR_EXCHANGE procedure replaces image pixels of a given color with pixels of a new color. For multi-channel images, every image color channel must match the specified color in order for replacement to occur. Specify a threshold value to replace colors close to the specified color.

Examples

This example reads a TrueColor image file and displays the original and two versions to which a color exchange operation has been applied.

; Read a TrueColor image:
file = FILEPATH('rose.jpg', SUBDIRECTORY = ['examples', 'data'])
IOPEN, file, rose1
 
; Replace all of the image's pure red pixels with green pixels:
rose2 = COLOR_EXCHANGE(rose1, [255,0,0], [0,255,0])
 
; Replace all of the pixels within a threshold of 60 from the pure
; red pixel with green pixels:
rose3 = COLOR_EXCHANGE(rose1, [255,0,0], [0,255,0], $
   THRESHOLD=[60,60,60])
 
IIMAGE, rose1, VIEW_GRID=[3,1], VIEW_TITLE='Original', $
   DIMENSIONS=[900,300], WINDOW_TITLE='COLOR_EXCHANGE Example', $
   /NO_SAVEPROMPT
IIMAGE, rose2, /VIEW_NEXT, VIEW_TITLE='Exchange Pure Red'
IIMAGE, rose3, /VIEW_NEXT, VIEW_TITLE='Use Threshold'
 
; Increase the text size
ISETPROPERTY, 'text*', FONT_SIZE=40
 

The resulting images appear as follows:

Note: In the first replacement (the center image), there were no exact matches for the pixel value [255,0,0], so no pixels were replaced.

Syntax

Result = COLOR_EXCHANGE(Image, Color, ReplaceColor [, THRESHOLD=vector])

Return Value

Result is an array of the same dimensions and type as Image.

Arguments

Image

A 2D or 3D array of any basic type containing the input image. 2D arrays are treated as one-channel images. 3D arrays must be of the form [N x n x m] where N is the number of image channels.

Color

An N-element vector that specifies the color in the image that is to be replaced, where N is the number of image channels.

ReplaceColor

An N-element vector that specifies the color to be placed in the image where the image color matches the Color argument, and where N is the number of image channels.

Keywords

THRESHOLD

An N-element vector that specifies the threshold of the color in the array to be replaced, where N is the number of image channels. Colors are replaced if every channel is in the range Color +/- Threshold, inclusive. The default value is a vector of zeroes, specifying that an exact match is needed for replacement.

If a threshold is specified, THRESHOLD promotes the datatype of the threshold value to ensure the comparisons do not overflow.

Version History

6.4

Introduced